Christ
- Pantocrator, 'Ruler of all', Serbian monastery Hilandar, Mt.Athos,
13th century. *
In
the Orthodox Church the
liturgical
day begins in the evening with the setting of the sun. This practice
follows the Biblical account of creation: "And there was evening and
there was morning, one day" (Gen 1:5). This is the Vesperal Hymn. It
would be sung a Capella. Based on Isaiah 60:20, Rev. 21:25, it was
first referred to by St. Justin in 150 AD. It is believed that in 305
AD St.Anthenogenes the Martyr joyfully sang these words as he entered
the flames. Aside from Christian
hymns taken from the Bible itself, the earliest Christian hymn still in
use today is probably O Gladsome Light (Greek Φως 'Ιλαρον, Phos
Hilaron). Some say it is the oldest Hymn, after
"Hymn to the Holy
Trinity."